maryice



(No Model-f P, N. MARVIGK.

Pate

'n1-.eg July 26, 1892.

rimI

MUM, Hmmm www# miimlmm I NU" I l (N Model.) l s sheets-sheen 2. P.MARVICK. TILE.

No. 479,442. Patented July 26, 1892.'

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

F. N. MARVICK. Y

(No Model.)

TILE.

Patented July 26, 1892.

UNITED STATES' FREDERICK N. MARVIOK, OF SAN MATEO, FLORIDA, ASSIGNOR OFONE-HALF PATENT OFFICE.

TO DAVID S. TINGLEY AND SAMUEL J. IVELLS, OF SAME PLACE.

TILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 479,442, dated July 26,1892. Application filed November 3, 1891. Serial No. 410,769. (Nomodel.)

To a/ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK N. MARVICK, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at San Mateo, in the county of Putnam and State of 5Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tiles; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which Io it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates generally to improvements in tiles such as areemployed for the ceiling, sides, and roofs of houses, and it isparticularly designed for improvements upon the invention for whichapplication for Letters Patent was filed jointly by myself and JohnWalter June 22,1891, Serial No. 397,083; and it consists in thepeculiarities of construction and arrangement or combination of zo partsand features hereinafter fully disclosed in the description, drawings,and claims.

The objects of my invention are, first, to provide improved flanges atthe upper ends of tiles, whereby water is prevented from passing intothe joints at the sides of said tiles and to the upper edges thereof andwhich will also permit the lower edges of the next tiles above to hangclear of the upper edges of the next lower tiles; second, to provideportions of the upper surfaces of the tiles with deep grooves leadingdownwardly from the upper flanges for conveying the water to the outersurfaces thereof; third, to provide the upper flanges of the tiles withupwardly-projecting stops which are arranged opposite the upper ends ofsaid deep grooves for the purpose of preventing water and snow frombeing blown upwardly; fourth, to provide prtions of the upper surfacesof the tiles with a series or number of grooves whichV lead from thelower flanges and are arranged intermediate of and formed more shallowthan the deep grooves, whereby such water as may reach said lowerflanges will also be conveyed to the outer or upper surfaces of saidtiles; fifth, to provide a portion of the front surface of each tilewith a series of ribs which are curved or rounded for about one-halftheir lengths and iiattened for the remainder thereo of; sixth, toprovide the adjacent edges or sides of the tiles with A-shaped oroppositelyinclined recesses for communicating with the joints betweensaid tiles and conveying the water therefrom toward the centers of saidtiles, and, seventh, to provide tiles of this character which shall besimple in construction, easily applied and removed, and comparativelycheap in manufacture. These objects are accomplished by the improvedconstruction and arrangement or combination of parts and featuresillustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which the same reference-numerals indicate the same orcorresponding parts, and in which- Figure l represents a front view oftwo building-tiles constructed and arranged in accordance with myinvention; Fig. 2, a similar view with the tiles separated at theiredges or sides; Fig. 3, a vertical section of one of the tiles, showingparticularly the manner of securing the tiles upon the strips or ribswhich are fastened to the roof-beams; Fig. 4, a perspective edge 0r sideview of the tile having the under-lapped side flange; and Fig. 5, a rearview of the tiles, the edges or sides thereof being separated, as inFig. 2.

In the drawings, the numerals 1 and 2 indicate, respectively, right andleft tiles, which are so secured and relatively arranged as to formbreak-joints when in operative position, which have their upper surfacesof smooth and finished appearance, and which are especially adapted tobe secured to the roofs of buildings without nails or screws. Thesetiles are provided near their upper ends with the upper and lowerflanges 3 and et, the lower fianges 4L being arranged in a higher planethan the upper flanges 3, which are formed with rearwardly-inclinedrecesses 5, which terminate at the bases of the upwardly-projectin g andtransversely-extending shoulders or ledges (5. These recesses and ledgesprevent water and snow from passing up and over the upper edges of thetiles, and also permit the lower edges of the tiles next above to lieclear of the next lower tiles; also, along the inner or adjacent ends ofthese recesses and ledges are formed the angularly-shaped elevations 7,which are inclined or mitered along their proximate edges 8, so as toform a lap-joint. Adjacent to the vertical edges IOO 'described arecalled lower and upper,

following the line of the roof, while they are described as higher fromthe base of the standard of the tile.

Along the upper edges of the lower flanges 4 of the tiles are formed the^shaped deflectors 10, which direct the water flowing from the upperflange 3 down into the deep grooves 11, which gradually lessen in depthdown to their lower ends, where they deliver the water upon the uppersurface of the tiles. At the upper ends of these grooves are located theupwardly-projecting stops 12, which are formed upon the upper flanges 3for thepurpose of preventing water and snow from being blown upwardly.Between these deep grooves are formed the shallow grooves 13, whichstart from lower points than said deep grooves and which also graduallylessen in depth down to their lower ends. Intermediate of these twoseries of grooves and in the body portions of the tiles are formed thelongitudinally extending ribs 14, which are curved at their upper endsand rounded for about one-half of .their lengths and flattened, as at14, upon their upper surfaces for the remainder thereof. At thelowerends of the shallow grooves 13 the oppositely and downwardlyinclined grooves 15 may be employed; also, the oppositely and downwardlyinclined grooves 16 are formed in the upper surfaces and near the edgesor sides of the tiles for directing or conveying the water which passesupwardly through the joint 17 between said tiles toward the centralportions thereof.

Along the edges or sides of the tiles 1 and 2 are formed the overlappingand underlapping flanges 1S and 19, the latter being provided with theinwardly-inclined grooves 2O for conveying the water from the joints 17down upon the upper ends of the next tiles and into therearwardlydnclined recesses 5 in the upper flanges 3 thererof. The upperends of these grooves are curved rearwardly and terminate beneath theinclined or mitered portion 8 of the angularly-shaped elevation 7 at theupper end of the underlapping flange 19. The proximate faces or edges ofthese inclined or mitered portions of the angularly-shaped elevationsform a continuation of the joint 17.

Adjacent to and to the right of the upper ends of the inwardly-inclinedgrooves 2O is formed the flat shoulder 21, which conforms to thecorresponding shoulder 22 on the rear side of the overlappingangnlarly-shaped elevation 7, whereby a firm or steady connection issecured at these points. On the rear surface of the overlappingflange'18 is formed a series of longitudinal grooves 23, which assistthe inwardly-inclined grooves 2O on the front or upper surface of thennderlapping flange 19 in carrying the water downward.

At the upper ends and on the bottom surfaces of the tiles are formed theupwardly and inwardly beveled supports 24, which are adapted to fit overthe strips or ribs 24',

which are fastened to the beams or rafters 24 j leaving the upperflanges 3 intact, which I f have increased in thickness to a muchgreater extent than those in tiles hitherto employed.

Having thus fully disclosed the improved i construction and arrangementor combination of the several parts and features of my invention, itsadvantages, and operation, what I claim as ne'w is- 1. A tile providedwith an upper flange havin g a transverse recess or gutter formedtherein, with an upwardly-projecting and transversely-extending shoulderor ledge which forms the outer wall of said recess or gutter, with alower flange which is arranged in a higher plane than said upper flange,and with rearwardly-curved recesses, as 9, terminating in the uppersurface of said lower flange, substantially as described.

2. A tile provided with an upper flange having a transverse recess orgutter formed therein, with an upwardly-projecting andtransversely-extending shoulder or ledge which forms the rear wall ofsaid recess or gutter, and with angularly-shaped elevations at one endof said recess or gutter having inclined or mitered edges, substantiallyas described.

3. A tile provided with an upper flange having a transverse recess orgutter formed therein, with an upwardly-projecting andtransversely-extending shoulder or ledge `which forms the rear wallof`said recess or gutter, with a lower flange which is arranged in ahigher plane than said upper flange, with rearwardly-curved recesses, as9, terminating in the upper surface of said lower fiange,and withangularly-shaped elevations at one end of said recess or gutter havinginclined or mitered edges, substantiaally as described.

4. A tile provided with upper and lower flanges at its upper end, thelower flange having ^shaped defleetors along its upper edge, and withdeep grooves leading downwardly from said deflectors, substantially asdescribed.

5. A tile provided with upper and lower flanges at its upper end, thelower flange having ^shaped deflectors along its upper edge,

IOO

IIO

with deep grooves leading downwardly from said deflectors, and means forfastening said tile to strips and ribs, which are fastened to the beamsor rafters of roofs, substantially as described.

6. A tile provided with upper and lower flanges at its upper end, thelower flange having ^shaped deflectors along its upper edge, with deepgrooves leading downwardly from said deflectors, and means for fasteningsaid tile to strips and ribs, which are fastened to the beams andrafters of roofs, said means consisting of a beveled support, as 24,formed on the bottom surface of the tile, substantially as described.

7. A tile provided with upper and lower flanges at its upper end, thelower flange having ^shaped deflectors along its upper edge, with deepgrooves leading downwardly from said deflectors, and with intermediateshallow grooves, substantially as described.

S. A tile provided with upper and lower Y flanges at its upper end,thelower flange having A-shaped deflectors along its upper edge, with deepgrooves leading downwardly from said deflectors, and with. intermediateshallow grooves, said grooves gradually lessening in depth down to theirlower ends, substantially as described.

9. A tile provided with upper and lower flanges at its upper end, thelower flange having ^shaped deflectors along its upper edge, with deepgrooves leading downwardly from and between said deflectors, and withupwardly-projecting stops at the upper ends of said grooves,substantially as described.

10. A tile provided with upper and lower flanges at its upper end, thelower flange having A-shaped deflectors along its upper edge, with deepgrooves leading downwardly from said deflectors, with intermediateshallow grooves, and with upwardly-projectin g stops at the upper endsof said deep grooves, substantially as described.

11. A tile provided with upper and lower flanges at its upper end, thelower flange having A-shaped deflectors along its upper edge, with deepgrooves leading downwardly from and between said deflectors, and withupwardly-projecting stops at the upper ends of said grooves, saidgrooves gradually lessening in depth down to their lower ends,substantially as described.

12. A tile formed with longitudinally-extending and alternating deep andshallow grooves in its upper surface and with intermediate ribs havingrounded upper portions and flattened lower portions, substantially asdescribed.

13. A tile formed with longitudinally-extending and alternating deep andshallow grooves in its upper surface and with intermediate ribs havingcurved upper ends, rounded upper portions, and flattened lower portions,substantially as described.

14. A tile formed with longitudinally-extending and alternating deep andshallow grooves in its upper surface and with oppositely and downwardlyinclined grooves at `the lower ends of said shallow grooves,substantially as described.

15. A tile formed with longitudinally-extending and alternating deep andshallow grooves in its upper surface, which gradually lessen in depthdown to theirlower ends, with intermediate ribs, and with oppositely anddownwardly inclined grooves at thelower ends of said shallow grooves,substantially as described.

16. A tile formed with longitudinally-extending and. alternating deepand shallow grooves in its upper surface, which gradually Vlessen indepth down to theirlower ends, with intermediate ribs having roundedupper portions and flattened lower portions, and with oppositely anddownwardly inclined grooves at the lower ends of said shallow grooves,substantially as described.

17. A tile formed with longitudinally-extending and alternating deep andshallow grooves in its upper surface, which gradually lessen in depthdown to theirlower ends, with intermediate ribs having rounded upperportions, flattened lower portions, and curved upper ends, withupwardly-proj ecting stops at the upper ends of said deep grooves, andwith oppositely and downwardly inclined grooves at the lower ends ofsaid shallow grooves, substantially as described.

18. The combination of two tiles formed at their adjacent sides withoverlapping and underlappin g Ilan ges constituting the joint, saidunderlappingflangehavinginwardly-inclined grooves upon its uppersurface, and with oppositely and downwardly inclined grooves leadinginwardly from. said joint, substantially as described.

19. The combination of two tiles provided with upper and lower flanges,the former having upwardly and rearwardly inclined recesses, withupwardly and transversely eX- tending shoulders or ledges which form theouter walls of said recesses, and with angularly-shaped elevations atthe ends of said recesses, having mitered edges, substantially asdescribed.

20. The combination of two tiles provided with upper and lower flanges,the former having upwardly and rearwardly inclined recesses, withupwardly and transversely extending shoulders or ledges which form theouter walls of said recesses, with overlapping and underlapping groovedflanges along their sides, and with an gularly-shaped elevations at theends of said recesses,havin g mitered edges, substantially as described.

21. The combination of two tiles provided with upper and lower flanges,the former having upwardly and rearwardly inclined recesses, withupwardly and transversely extending shoulders or ledges which form theouter walls of said recesses, with overlapping and underlapping groovedflanges along their sides, with angularly-shaped elevations at the IOOIIO

ends of said recesses, having mitered edges,` and with downwardly andupwardly curved recesses adjacent to said elevations, substantially asdescribed. 22. The combination of two tiles provided with upper andlower flanges, the former havlng upwardly and rearwardly inclinedrecesses, with upwardly and transversely extending shoulders or ledgeswhich form the outer walls of said recesses, with overlapping andunderlapping grooved ilanges along their sides, the underlapping flangehaving inwardly-inclined grooves in its upper surface, which are formedwith rearwardly-curved upper ends, with angularly-shapcd elevationshavlng mitered edges, with opposing flat shoulders adjacent to saidelevations at one side thereof, and with downwardly and upwardly' curvedrecesses at the other side thereof, substantially as described.

'23. The combination of two tiles provided with upper and lower flanges,the former hav- 1ng upwardly and rearwardly inclined recesses, withupwardly and transversely extending shoulders or ledges which form theouter walls of said recesses, with overlapping and under-lapping groovedflanges along their sides, the underlapping llange havinginwardly-inclined grooves in its upper surface, which are formed withrearwardly -curved upper ends, with angularly-shaped elevations havingmitered edges,with opposing flat shoulders adjacent to said elevationsat one side thereof, with downwardly and upwardly curved recesses at theother side thereof, with deep and shallow grooves, and with ribsintermediate of said grooves, substantially as described.

24. The combination of two tiles provided with upper and lower flanges,the formerhaving upwardly and rearwardly inclined recesses, withupwardly and transversely extending shoulders or ledges which form theouter walls of said recesses, with overlapping and underlappiug groovedflanges along their sides, the underlapping flange havinginwardly-inclined grooves in its uppersurface, which are formed withrearwardly-curved upper ends, with angnlarly-shaped elevations havingmitered edges,with opposing fiat shoulders adjacent to said elevationsat one side thereof, with downwardly and upwardly curved recesses at theother side thereof, with deep and shallow grooves, and with ribsintermediate of said grooves, said grooves having curved upper ends,rounded upper portions, and flattened lower portions, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK N. M ARVICK.

Witn esses:

ALFRED BAILEY, LULU T. BAILEY.

